{"id":4930,"date":"2026-09-07T14:25:30","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T14:25:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ultrasuonindt.it\/technologies-et-normes-end\/mesure-depaisseur-par-ultrasons\/principe-impulsion-echo-pulse-echo\/"},"modified":"2026-09-17T22:32:01","modified_gmt":"2026-09-17T22:32:01","slug":"principe-impulsion-echo-pulse-echo","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ultrasuonindt.it\/fr\/technologies-et-normes-end\/mesure-depaisseur-par-ultrasons\/principe-impulsion-echo-pulse-echo\/","title":{"rendered":"Principe impulsion-\u00e9cho (Pulse-Echo)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:36%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large has-custom-border\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"680\" height=\"680\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ultrasuonindt.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/dakota_ndt-strumenti_di_misura_ad_ultrasuoni-strumento_PMX3-DL_applicazione_reale_di_misura_su_pezzo_meccanico-web-680x680-1.webp?resize=680%2C680&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Mesure d'&#xE9;paisseur par la m&#xE9;thode impulsion-&#xE9;cho sur un composant\" class=\"wp-image-1045\" style=\"border-color:#000000;border-width:1px;border-radius:15px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ultrasuonindt.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/dakota_ndt-strumenti_di_misura_ad_ultrasuoni-strumento_PMX3-DL_applicazione_reale_di_misura_su_pezzo_meccanico-web-680x680-1.webp?w=680&amp;ssl=1 680w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ultrasuonindt.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/dakota_ndt-strumenti_di_misura_ad_ultrasuoni-strumento_PMX3-DL_applicazione_reale_di_misura_su_pezzo_meccanico-web-680x680-1.webp?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ultrasuonindt.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/dakota_ndt-strumenti_di_misura_ad_ultrasuoni-strumento_PMX3-DL_applicazione_reale_di_misura_su_pezzo_meccanico-web-680x680-1.webp?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:4%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:60%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"border-top-right-radius:6px;border-bottom-right-radius:6px;border-left-color:#225f78;border-left-width:6px;background-color:#ebf1f4;padding-top:24px;padding-right:28px;padding-bottom:24px;padding-left:28px\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#225f78;font-size:clamp(14px, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.408), 18px);font-style:italic;font-weight:400;line-height:1.6\">Le Pulse-Echo est le mode de base : une impulsion part, rebondit sur la paroi oppos\u00e9e et revient. L&rsquo;appareil chronom\u00e8tre le trajet et le convertit en \u00e9paisseur. Tout le reste est une variation sur ce th\u00e8me.  <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"list-style:none;padding-left:0px;line-height:1.6\">\n<li style=\"list-style:none\"><strong style=\"color:#225f78\">\u2713<\/strong> Mesure du temps de vol entre impulsion \u00e9mise et \u00e9cho de fond<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"list-style:none\"><strong style=\"color:#225f78\">\u2713<\/strong> Conversion en \u00e9paisseur par la vitesse de propagation du mat\u00e9riau<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"list-style:none\"><strong style=\"color:#225f78\">\u2713<\/strong> Acc\u00e8s \u00e0 un seul c\u00f4t\u00e9 de la pi\u00e8ce<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"list-style:none\"><strong style=\"color:#225f78\">\u2713<\/strong> Limite connue : un \u00e9ventuel rev\u00eatement est compt\u00e9 dans la mesure<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le transducteur \u00e9met une br\u00e8ve impulsion acoustique qui p\u00e9n\u00e8tre dans le mat\u00e9riau \u00e0 travers le gel couplant. L&rsquo;impulsion traverse la paroi, rencontre la surface oppos\u00e9e, o\u00f9 le mat\u00e9riau finit et l&rsquo;air commence, et est r\u00e9fl\u00e9chie presque int\u00e9gralement. L&rsquo;\u00e9cho revient au transducteur, qui le convertit en signal \u00e9lectrique.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ce que l&rsquo;appareil mesure est donc un temps, pas une longueur. Pour le transformer en \u00e9paisseur, il faut conna\u00eetre la vitesse \u00e0 laquelle l&rsquo;ultrason se propage dans ce mat\u00e9riau : l&rsquo;\u00e9paisseur est le produit de la vitesse par le temps, divis\u00e9 par deux, car le trajet est parcouru deux fois, \u00e0 l&rsquo;aller et au retour. <\/p>\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover is-light popmake-4066 popmake-739\" style=\"border-width:1px;min-height:250px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"250\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-727 size-full\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ultrasuonindt.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/banner_technical_support_choose_products.png?resize=1200%2C250&#038;ssl=1\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ultrasuonindt.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/banner_technical_support_choose_products.png?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ultrasuonindt.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/banner_technical_support_choose_products.png?resize=300%2C63&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ultrasuonindt.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/banner_technical_support_choose_products.png?resize=1024%2C213&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ultrasuonindt.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/banner_technical_support_choose_products.png?resize=768%2C160&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim-30 has-background-dim\" style=\"background-color:#d3d6dc\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-cover-is-layout-15701bb7 wp-block-cover-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-ti-fg-color is-style-default has-luminous-vivid-amber-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:clamp(21.536px, 1.346rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 1.374), 35px);\"><strong>Besoin d&rsquo;aide pour choisir le produit adapt\u00e9 ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-right is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-b507c051 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button popmake-4066 popmake-739\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ti-accent-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\">Contactez-nous<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De cette simplicit\u00e9 d\u00e9coulent \u00e0 la fois la qualit\u00e9 et la limite de la m\u00e9thode. La qualit\u00e9 est qu&rsquo;il suffit d&rsquo;acc\u00e9der \u00e0 un seul c\u00f4t\u00e9 de la pi\u00e8ce. La limite est que l&rsquo;impulsion ne distingue pas les diff\u00e9rents mat\u00e9riaux le long de son trajet : s&rsquo;il y a une peinture en surface, l&rsquo;impulsion la traverse et l&rsquo;\u00e9paisseur lue la comprend aussi.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce qu&rsquo;il faut pour que la mesure r\u00e9ussisse<\/h2>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th style=\"background-color:#225f78;color:#ffffff;padding:10px\">Condition<\/th><th style=\"background-color:#225f78;color:#ffffff;padding:10px\">Pourquoi elle est n\u00e9cessaire<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Couplage entre sonde et surface<\/td><td>Sans gel, l&rsquo;air interpos\u00e9 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chit presque toute l&rsquo;\u00e9nergie<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Vitesse de propagation correcte<\/td><td>Elle convertit le temps en \u00e9paisseur : une valeur erron\u00e9e fausse chaque lecture<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Surface oppos\u00e9e r\u00e9fl\u00e9chissante<\/td><td>Il faut un \u00e9cho de fond reconnaissable par l&rsquo;appareil<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Faces raisonnablement parall\u00e8les<\/td><td>Un fond inclin\u00e9 renvoie l&rsquo;\u00e9cho hors de l&rsquo;axe de la sonde<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mat\u00e9riau pas trop att\u00e9nuant<\/td><td>L&rsquo;\u00e9cho doit revenir avec une amplitude suffisante pour \u00eatre d\u00e9tect\u00e9<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quand le Pulse-Echo ne suffit pas<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:36%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large has-custom-border\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"1200\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ultrasuonindt.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/dakota_ndt-strumenti_di_misura_ad_ultrasuoni-strumento_CX_applicazione_misura_spessore_su_tubi_e_condotte-web-1200x1200-1.webp?resize=1200%2C1200&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Mesure d'&#xE9;paisseur sur tuyauterie peinte\" class=\"wp-image-1016\" style=\"border-color:#000000;border-width:1px;border-radius:15px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ultrasuonindt.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/dakota_ndt-strumenti_di_misura_ad_ultrasuoni-strumento_CX_applicazione_misura_spessore_su_tubi_e_condotte-web-1200x1200-1.webp?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ultrasuonindt.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/dakota_ndt-strumenti_di_misura_ad_ultrasuoni-strumento_CX_applicazione_misura_spessore_su_tubi_e_condotte-web-1200x1200-1.webp?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ultrasuonindt.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/dakota_ndt-strumenti_di_misura_ad_ultrasuoni-strumento_CX_applicazione_misura_spessore_su_tubi_e_condotte-web-1200x1200-1.webp?resize=1024%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ultrasuonindt.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/dakota_ndt-strumenti_di_misura_ad_ultrasuoni-strumento_CX_applicazione_misura_spessore_su_tubi_e_condotte-web-1200x1200-1.webp?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ultrasuonindt.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/dakota_ndt-strumenti_di_misura_ad_ultrasuoni-strumento_CX_applicazione_misura_spessore_su_tubi_e_condotte-web-1200x1200-1.webp?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:4%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:60%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le cas le plus fr\u00e9quent est la surface peinte. En Pulse-Echo, la lecture comprend le m\u00e9tal et le rev\u00eatement, et sur une structure prot\u00e9g\u00e9e par des syst\u00e8mes \u00e9pais la diff\u00e9rence n&rsquo;est pas n\u00e9gligeable. La r\u00e9ponse est le mode <a href=\"https:\/\/ultrasuonindt.it\/fr\/technologies-et-normes-end\/mesure-depaisseur-par-ultrasons\/echo-echo-et-thrupaint\/\">Echo-Echo<\/a>, qui ignore la couche appliqu\u00e9e.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le second cas est la surface interne fortement corrod\u00e9e, o\u00f9 le fond n&rsquo;est plus plan et r\u00e9fl\u00e9chit dans diff\u00e9rentes directions. Il faut alors des sondes \u00e0 double cristal et, lorsque la lecture semble instable, la v\u00e9rification sur la forme d&rsquo;onde A-Scan. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Appareils utilisant ce mode<\/h2>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th style=\"background-color:#225f78;color:#ffffff;padding:10px\">Appareil<\/th><th style=\"background-color:#225f78;color:#ffffff;padding:10px\">Emploi typique<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/ultrasuonindt.it\/fr\/produits\/epaisseurmetres\/dakota-zx-1-epaisseurmetre-a-vitesse-fixe\/\">Dakota ZX-1<\/a><\/td><td>Mesure Pulse-Echo \u00e0 vitesse fixe, sans formation sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/ultrasuonindt.it\/fr\/produits\/epaisseurmetres\/dakota-zx-3-epaisseurmetre-a-gain-reglable\/\">Dakota ZX-3<\/a><\/td><td>Pulse-Echo avec gain r\u00e9glable pour surfaces difficiles<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/ultrasuonindt.it\/fr\/produits\/epaisseurmetres\/dakota-cx2-epaisseurmetre-de-base\/\">Dakota CX2<\/a><\/td><td>Entr\u00e9e de gamme avec mat\u00e9riaux pr\u00e9r\u00e9gl\u00e9s<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/ultrasuonindt.it\/fr\/produits\/sondes-et-accessoires\/palpeurs-pour-epaisseurmetres-de-corrosion-dual-element\/\">Transducteurs dual element<\/a><\/td><td>Sondes \u00e0 double cristal pour surfaces corrod\u00e9es<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Questions fr\u00e9quentes<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1757280001\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">Pourquoi le temps de vol se divise-t-il par deux ?<\/strong><p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Parce que l&rsquo;impulsion parcourt l&rsquo;\u00e9paisseur deux fois : une \u00e0 l&rsquo;aller, jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 la surface oppos\u00e9e, et une au retour vers le transducteur. Le temps mesur\u00e9 correspond donc au double du trajet. <\/p><\/div><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1757280002\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">En Pulse-Echo, la peinture est-elle mesur\u00e9e avec le m\u00e9tal ?<\/strong><p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Oui. L&rsquo;impulsion traverse le rev\u00eatement et l&rsquo;\u00e9paisseur lue le comprend aussi. Pour mesurer le seul m\u00e9tal, il faut le mode Echo-Echo.  <\/p><\/div><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1757280003\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">Que se passe-t-il si les deux faces ne sont pas parall\u00e8les ?<\/strong><p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">L&rsquo;\u00e9cho est r\u00e9fl\u00e9chi dans une direction diff\u00e9rente de celle de provenance et peut ne pas revenir au transducteur. Sur des surfaces non parall\u00e8les, la mesure devient instable ou \u00e9choue. <\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Retour \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/ultrasuonindt.it\/fr\/technologies-et-normes-end\/mesure-depaisseur-par-ultrasons\/\">Mesure d&rsquo;\u00e9paisseur par ultrasons<\/a> ou \u00e9crivez-nous depuis la page <a href=\"https:\/\/ultrasuonindt.it\/fr\/contacts\/\">Contacts<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Informations compl\u00e9mentaires et contacts <\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Partenaire division syst\u00e8mes et int\u00e9gration de capteurs : <a href=\"http:\/\/www.roder.it\">www.roder.it<\/a><br\/>Plus d&rsquo;informations sur RODER SRL : <a href=\"https:\/\/ultrasuonindt.it\/chi-siamo\/\">qui sommes-nous<\/a><br\/>Contact pour informations g\u00e9n\u00e9rales : <a href=\"mailto:info@roder.it\">info@roder.it<\/a><br\/>Contact pour informations sur ces produits : <a href=\"mailto:info@roder.it\">info@roder.it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><br\/>Les informations contenues dans cette page web sont fournies \u00e0 titre purement informatif. Bien qu&rsquo;elles aient \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9labor\u00e9es avec le plus grand soin, elles ne constituent ni une offre contractuelle ni un engagement contraignant de fourniture. Elles peuvent contenir des erreurs de transcription, de traduction ou des coquilles. Pour des informations pr\u00e9cises et \u00e0 jour, nous vous invitons \u00e0 contacter directement notre soci\u00e9t\u00e9.    <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Certaines images pr\u00e9sentes sur ce site web ont \u00e9t\u00e9 intentionnellement g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide de l&rsquo;Intelligence Artificielle (IA). Cela tient au fait que, pour de nombreuses applications et projets, il n&rsquo;est pas possible de divulguer des photographies de l&rsquo;installation ou du syst\u00e8me r\u00e9el en raison d&rsquo;accords de confidentialit\u00e9, de clauses de confidentialit\u00e9 et d&rsquo;accords de non-divulgation (NDA). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le Pulse-Echo est le mode de base : une impulsion part, rebondit sur la paroi oppos\u00e9e et revient. L&rsquo;appareil chronom\u00e8tre le trajet et le convertit en \u00e9paisseur. Tout le reste est une variation sur ce th\u00e8me. Le transducteur \u00e9met une br\u00e8ve impulsion acoustique qui p\u00e9n\u00e8tre dans le mat\u00e9riau \u00e0 travers le gel couplant. L&rsquo;impulsion traverse [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":157040980,"featured_media":3210,"parent":4468,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"principe impulsion \u00e9cho pulse-echo","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Principe impulsion-\u00e9cho (Pulse-Echo) | Dakota NDT","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Comment fonctionne la mesure Pulse-Echo : temps de vol de l'impulsion, vitesse de propagation, \u00e9cho de fond et limites sur rev\u00eatements et surfaces 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